Soluciones naturalmente enriquecedoras: un enfoque integrador para el tratamiento de la depresión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22544/rcps.v45i01.01Palabras clave:
trastorno depresivo mayor, enriquecimiento ambiental, ambientes restaurativos, salud mental, naturaleza, intervención comunitariaResumen
El Trastorno Depresivo Mayor (TDM) constituye una de las principales causas de discapacidad global y requiere ser comprendido desde una perspectiva integradora que considere factores biológicos, psicológicos, sociales y ambientales. Este artículo teórico propone que el estilo de vida moderno —caracterizado por el estrés crónico, el aislamiento, la urbanización acelerada y la desconexión con la naturaleza— configura entornos depresógenos que favorecen la aparición, mantenimiento y agravamiento de los síntomas depresivos. A partir de un análisis teórico integrativo, se argumenta que las intervenciones naturalmente enriquecidas —como el enriquecimiento ambiental, los ambientes restaurativos y las terapias basadas en naturaleza— representan alternativas costo-efectivas, accesibles y con alto potencial de replicabilidad. Estas estrategias han demostrado beneficios en la regulaciónemocional, la neuroplasticidad y el bienestar psicosocial. Se propone un modelo teórico integrador y aplicado que articula diversas perspectivas para abordar el TDM desde intervenciones naturalmente enriquecidas, destacando el modelo costarricense FloreSer como ejemplo clínico-comunitario. El trabajo concluye con lineamientos generales para la investigación y la política pública en saludmental, orientados a fomentar espacios vivos y colectivos que promueven el florecimiento humano.Citas
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